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Think Like a Historian: Working with Primary Source Evidence

St. Onuphrius Ukrainian Catholic Church

Artifact

A small church with horizonal wooden slats painted white, and green strips around the windows, doors and edges.

A small church with horizonal wooden slats painted white, and green strips around the windows, doors and edges.

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Activities

THINK

How can a building be a piece of historical evidence? Discuss with a friend.

Tip: Historical evidence includes primary sources. Primary sources are materials created or used during a specific time period in history. Examples include objects, oral histories, written records, archival documents and even DNA.   


LOOK

Look at the architecture, size and materials of this church. What information can you gather or conclude from looking at these characteristics?

For example, the symbol of the cross suggests it’s probably a Christian church.


THINK

This church is a consecrated Ukrainian Catholic church, and it is still used for religious services today. Why do you think the Ukrainian community wanted the church to be preserved in a museum? What does this tell you about its historical significance?


DO

Find Ukraine and then find Edmonton, Alberta, on Google maps. Imagine how a family would journey from Ukraine to Alberta in the 19th century when travel was much harder than it is today.

It would have been very difficult, if not impossible, for these immigrants to go back home. We can understand how important the church was for Ukrainian settlers as a familiar place to socialize, practise their traditions and help each other, as they adapted to a new life in Canada.


Details

Date 1915-1928
Object Origin Prairies
Materials
  • Wood
Credit / Object Number Canadian Museum of History, 995.6.188

Historical Context

Choose one of the three levels below to match your needs.

  • St. Onuphrius Church was built by Ukrainian immigrants in Alberta between 1915 and 1928. It is an example of how Ukrainian-Canadians adapted important cultural and religious practices in their new country.
  • By the beginning of the 20th century, over 170,000 Ukrainians had come to western Canada. It was a challenging place to live, filled with many difficulties for newcomers.
  • The church was dismantled and rebuilt in the Canadian Museum of History in 1996.

  • St. Onuphrius Church was built by Ukrainian immigrants in Alberta between 1915 and 1928. It is an example of how Ukrainian-Canadians adapted important cultural and religious practices in their new country.
  • By the beginning of the 20th century, over 170,000 Ukrainians had come to western Canada. It was a challenging place to live, filled with many difficulties for newcomers.
  • The church was dismantled and rebuilt in the Canadian Museum of History in 1996.

Summary

  • St. Onuphrius Church was built by Ukrainian immigrants in Alberta between 1915 and 1928. It is an example of how Ukrainian-Canadians adapted important cultural and religious practices in their new country.
  • By the beginning of the 20th century, over 170,000 Ukrainians had come to western Canada. It was a challenging place to live, filled with many difficulties for newcomers.
  • The church was dismantled and rebuilt in the Canadian Museum of History in 1996.

Essential

St. Onuphrius Church, built between 1915 and 1928, gave Ukrainian immigrants in Barich, north of Edmonton, Alberta, a place to practise their religious traditions.

At the turn of the 20th century, Europeans were encouraged to immigrate to western Canada. But settling was a struggle for many newcomers. They battled harsh weather and the challenge of clearing land and building farms, as well as isolation from family. Between 1891 and 1914, over 170,000 Ukrainians came to Canada.

St. Onuphrius Church was dismantled and rebuilt in the Canadian Museum of History in 1996 as a part of a permanent exhibition.


In-Depth

This church was built by Ukrainian immigrants between 1915 and 1928 in Barich, north of Edmonton, Alberta. As a place where the newcomers could honour their religious traditions, it is an example of how Ukrainian-Canadians adapted important cultural and religious practices in their new country.

Towards the end of the 19th century and into the 20th, western Canada was advertised as a land of opportunity. Europeans were encouraged to immigrate, but settling was a struggle for many newcomers. They battled harsh weather and the challenge of clearing land and building farms, as well as isolation. Most were in the middle of vast prairie landscape, and far away from family. Between 1891 and 1914, over 170,000 Ukrainians came to Canada.

St. Onuphrius Church was dismantled and rebuilt in the Canadian Museum of History in 1996 as a part of a permanent exhibition. It remains a consecrated Ukrainian Catholic church, and is still used for religious services.


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